Bacteriology of neonatal sepsis in a large teachicg hospital in benghazi, libya

Out of 196 suspected cases of neonatal sepsis retrospectively studied, bacteraemia was detected in 144 cases [73%]. Incidence rate was 5.65 per 1000 hospital admissions. Gram negative organisms were predominant [86%] with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia spp. As the major pathogens. Among the gram positive organisms, Staphylococcus epidermidis emereged as the common pathpgen. High degree of multiple-resistance to common antimicrobials by many of these nosocomial isolates were observed in our study. Restricted use of antibiotics, strict aseptic measures during and in neonatal wards and nurseries could reduce the incidence of sepsis among neonates

Interrelationship between oral bacteria and formation of germ-tubes by albicans

Inhibition of Candida albicans germ- tube formation was observed in serum in the presence of the following bacteria: Escherichia coli, Citrobacter koseri, Streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus sanguis, Corynebacterium hofmanni and Neisseria pharyngis.in the absence of bacteria 88% of the yeast cells formed germ tubes, but in their presence this value was reduced to a range of 3-46% depending on the bacterial species used. The ratio of bacteria in relation to the number of candida must be high [>102] in order to inhibit germ tubes development, and this phenomenon may be related to the size and/ or the arrangements of bacterial cells. The contact between bacteria and Candida seems to be loose and can easily be broken by washing. Inhibition of the germination may be mediated by a ligand on bacterial cell surface receptor on yeast cells interaction.

Emergence of multiple-drug resistant salmonellae isolated from neonates in Benghazi-Libya

An outbreak of diarrhoeal disease was detected in a Neonatal Nursery Unit, Benghazi-Libya. Salmonella was isolated from 63 out of 118[52.5%] stool samples. All isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole, choramphenicol. ampicillin, amoxycilin, cephaloridine, gentamicine and kanamycin. As high as 95% of the isolates were also resistant to augmentin, cephamandole, ceftriaxohe and cefotaxime exhibiting multiple resistance patterns. Variable susceptibility patterns were detected for cefoxitin, ceftazidime and aztreonam. However all isolates were sensitive to tetracycline, polymyxin B, imipenem norfloxacin and ofloxacin. The present investigation underlines an alarming situation which could be due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in developing countries which require stricter control measures both at hospitals and in the community

Isolated zygomatico-orbital injuries [IZOIs] in Tehran: an analysis of 375 cases

Zygomatico-orbital in juries [ZOIs] are the most common injuries treated by the oral and maxillofacial surgeons. A respective analysis of 375 pateints with IZOIS treated in Najmeia and Baqiet-Ullah University hospitals during a six-year period from 1984 to 1990 is presented. Male cases accounted for 94.4% [354];59.46% [223] of the fractures involved the zygomatic bone, 70.13% [259]were fractures due to gunshot injuries, and 29.33% [110] were due to motor vehicle accidents [MVA]. The etiology, pattern, and incidence of the injuries,as well as age, sex, presence of infection, time of treatments, and the results are discussed

Submen to-oral intubation in facial surgery

This paper presents a new simple technique as a modification technique to oral intubation. This technique was used in all fields of facial surgery, especially in severe facial injures, bimaxillaryorthognathic surgery, cleft lip and nasal repair, etc. This technique was used since 1984 in three university hospitals in Tehran in more than 200 cases without complications. The technique is used as an alternative to tracheostomy, when the latter is contraindicated

Double headed condyle in a young person causing jaw deviation

A case of double-headed condyle causing jaw deviation is presented, and possible etiological factors are discussed

Reflex brady cardia in crauio facial surgery report of three cases

Three cases who underwent surgery in different areas of the craniofacial region were reported with bradycardia developing intraoperatively during flap traction. Many cases of the oculocardiac reflex during treatment of the orbital region have been reported in the literature. This manuscript recorded that reflex bradycardia can occur during traction or stretching of any structure innervated by the trigeminal nerve and thus the name trigeminal-vagal reflex is better than the name oculocardiac reflex